The Sandlot Social Skills Lesson Plan

The s Stages Of Cognitive Development - 1403 Words

amaroszaman Two characters that I choose for this assignment are John Bender and Brian Johnson. In reference to Piaget’s stages of cognitive development, I categorized Bender and Brian in formal operational stage because of their age. Besides, both of them also shows characteristic of adolescent egocentrism. As for Bender, we can see that he had developed the sense of invulnerability because he had taken many physical risks and do not think about the negative consequences of his actions. Brian shows personal fable when he overestimate his own abilities, he believes that he can â€Å"handle† the subject, but when he failed, this personal fable had lead him to depression and had attempted suicide as a solution for his problem. Besides that, in reference to Kohlberg’s stages of moral reasoning, I classified John Bender in level three of the stage, which is the post conventional morality stage. It is because, we can see that Bender always do things that is considered wrong, for example, smoking cannabis, vandalism and being rude to older adults even though he knows what he did are wrong (self-chosen principles). On the other hand, Brian can be categorized in level two (conventional reasoning), stage four (social system morality). We can clearly see it when John Bender wants to remove the screws of the door in the library, Brian agitatedly yells and asked Bender to stop doing it and do not mess with school property. It shows that Brian believes that breaking rules is a wrong thingShow MoreRelatedPiaget s Stages Of Cognitive Development1072 Words   |  5 Pagespsychology concepts including Piaget’s stages of cognitive development, psychoactive drugs, and dreams. The first concept that I can relate to is Piaget’s stages of cognitive development. Jean Piaget came up with this concept about how a child’s brain develops throughout their life. There are four stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational. The two stages I can specifically relate to are the sensorimotor and preoperational stages. I have a three year old cousin whoRead MoreThe Individual s Stage Of Cognitive Development999 Words   |  4 Pagesand the results. If the individual is a child, test his or her conservation skills using one of the tasks described on pp. 148-151 in your textbook. Describe both the test(s) and the results. What does performance on the object permanence or conservation task tell you about the individual’s stage of cognitive development in Piaget’s theory? If the individual is a child, adolescent, or adult, ask the individual to draw a picture of what a human being would look like if he or she had threeRead MorePiaget s Stages Of Cognitive Development1385 Words   |  6 PagesAbstract In this paper, Piaget’s Stages of cognitive development will be briefly explained, and I will explain where my cousin, Laura, is according to these stages. The real names of people discussed in this paper have been protected by not using their real names, so their personal information is confidential. My fifteen year old cousin Laura has been through many changes, and I have watched the rapid transformation in her personality, attitude, and way of thinking all in the past few years. Read MorePiaget s Stages Of Cognitive Development930 Words   |  4 PagesThe Cognitive Development theory refers to the ability to learn through thinking and reasoning. Theorist Jean Piaget developed the stages of cognitive development according to age and how individuals learn through their environment and senses. Based on Education.com: Stages of Cognitive Development (Driscoll/Nagel ,2008), these stages are from infant to teenage years with specific abilities. The first stage of Piaget’s stages of development is called Sensorimotor, which starts at birth to two yearsRead MorePiaget s Stages Of Cognitive Development885 Words   |  4 PagesPiaget’s Stages of Cognitive Development Jean Piaget was born on August 8th, 1896 in Switzerland. He was a very bright student, who had his PhD by the age of twenty-two. Piaget studied child psychology and concrete operations which lead to his theory of the four stages of cognitive development. These stages are still used now in preschool and elementary grade set-ups. The first stage in his theory is the sensorimotor stage which last roughly from birth to about two years of age. This stage actuallyRead MorePiaget s Stages Of Cognitive Development Essay1495 Words   |  6 PagesJean Piaget developed a cognitive approach to studying and classifying behavioral growth in stages. He believed that each child matured and learned at a different rate, so even though children mature in the same cognitive sequence, there might be separation in the achievement of each level from one child to the next (Swartwood, 2012, p. 46). Piaget’s four stages of cognitive development are Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational, and Formal Operational (Swartwood, 2012, p. 49). PiagetRead MoreCognitive Development And Erikson s Stages Of Human Development Essay1284 Words   |  6 PagesFor the second assignment I chose option two: psychology your way. During this quarter we learned about different theories like, Piaget s theory of the 5 stages of cognitive development and Erikson s stages of human development. I wanted to show how we learn, and behave differently at different ages. For a few years now, I ve been helping teach dance classes at my studio, and I thought that showing how we teach different age levels would be a good way to tie dance and psychology together. BecauseRead MorePiaget s Four Stages Of Cognitive Development1600 Words   |  7 PagesThought-out the course of this year we have looked at the biological, cognitive, and socio-emotional theories of the human life span from infancy to late adulthood. The biological aspect of life span focused on the physical changes of humans. There are physical changes that have to occur before a baby form in the fetus and then is born to this world. Through-out our life, the physical changes occur constantly till death and even more. There is no psychologist during the whole chapter that focusesRead MoreThe First Stage Of Jean Piaget s Cognitive Development982 Words   |  4 PagesThe first stage of Jean Piaget’s Cognitive development is the Sensorimotor Period. This stage is the earliest of cognitive growth. The Sensorimotor stage happen within the first two years of a child’s life. During this stage children are only aware of what is in front of them. They primarily focus what is in their possession at the moment, what they can get into, and their physical environment. When I was a child I went throw the process of the sensorimotor stage. My mom said when I was four monthsRead MorePiaget s Stages Of Cognitive Development Theory900 Words   |  4 PagesThe cognitive development theory refers to the ability to learn through thinking and reasoning. Theorist Jean Piaget developed the stages of cognitive developmental according to age and how individuals learn through their environment and senses. These stages are from infant to teenage years. The first stage of Piaget’s Stages of Development is called Sensorimotor, which are ages 0-2. It describes how babies learn through their environment. The Next stages is preoperational for ages two through seven

The Impact of Technology on Student Learning in Physical...

Introduction: This research paper will discuss the information compiled from my literature review on the impact of technology on student learning in Physical Education. Thesis statement: Technology impacts student learning by motivating students to remain focused and physically engaged for longer durations in Physical Education. I will discuss factors influencing the topic, shifts in perspectives, basic assumptions that have guided this work, how the trend is being studied, and existing gaps in research and how filling those gaps would improve my profession. What factors or beliefs have influenced the way that topic has been studied? Factors that have influenced the topic of the use of technology in Physical Education include; improvements in activity based technology and the need to improve a decline in student physical activity. Educators today must realize that their students have never known life without advanced technology (video games, cell phones and wireless internet access). This changes the way that our students respond to information we share with them. For a long time, technology was limited to Desktop computers in the classroom. New advancements have made technology available now in a physical education setting. Examples; wireless capability, projection systems, interactive video gaming, heart rate monitors, iPad’s, and iPod’s. (Thompson, 2008) So even with activity based instruction like physical education, lessons can be delivered in a technologically basedShow MoreRelatedUsing Technology in the Classroom1265 Words   |  5 PagesTechnology has developed far quicker in the last fifty years than ever before in the history mankind. It has influenced the way we all live in countless ways including how we learn. In a culture that has become increasingly reliant on technology, it is not shocking that technology has become part of the permanent setting in our schools and classrooms. Technology is changing the landscape of education, modernizing how educators teach, how children learn and how parents contribute in the process. TheRead MoreChildhood Obesity Essay976 Words   |  4 Pagesas having an impact on health, studies have cited a relationship between obesity and poor school performance as well as a child’s readiness for learning and education. This can be correlated with studies finding â€Å"obese children have a greater risk of social and psychological problems, such as discrimination and poor self-esteem† (The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, para. 2). It has also been documented that obese children miss more days from school than t he general student population andRead MoreTechnology Is Effective And Efficient Form Of Teaching1368 Words   |  6 Pagesdecided to research â€Å"Technology in Physical Education†. Many would think to themselves, how can technology be useful in PE? Technology over the years has played a big role in improving PE and finding out new ways to better students. Technology in PE is effective and efficient form of teaching, it’s accessible, and best used when the technology is appropriate. The way that technology can be effective in PE is by making sure that the technology you are using is having a positive impact in your classroomRead MoreImpact of Technology on Education1146 Words   |  5 Pages------------------------------------------------- Positive Impact of Technology on Education Technology plays a very important role in the field of education, especially in this 21st century. In fact, computer technology has become easier for teachers to transfer knowledge and for students to obtain it. The use of technology has made the process of teaching and learning more convenient. Talking in a positive sense, the impact of technology on education has been extraordinary. Using Internet and computersRead MoreTechnology And The Internet Of Things Essay1481 Words   |  6 PagesThe field of technology is growing every day and with each passing year new ideas are brought into surface and new inventions are created. The growing trend of technology is expanding to just about every corner of the world and it’s only going to get bigger within the next few years. One of these trends is known as the Internet of Things (IoT). The Internet of Things is the growing expanding area of technological devices over a network over the Internet such as computers and smartphones, how everRead MoreHow Technology Has Revolutionized Education1076 Words   |  5 PagesTechnology and education can be a powerful combination/Technology has revolutionized education for the better. However, rather than completely embracing the modern trend of learning, many institutions have instigated limitations on the use of technology in an academic setting. It can potentially do students a disservice if used inappropriately. Conversely, class-oriented electronic devices including overhead projectors, computers, laptops, and assistive equipment for special education can be veryRead MoreImpact Of Technological Advancement On Education1071 Words   |  5 PagesIn Education. â€Å"Education is evolving due to the impact of Internet. We cannot teach our students in the same manner in which we are taught† –April Chamberlain. In the present generation, the technology available in comparison to the technology preceding this generation is great and powerful. It has changed tremendously in globalized system. Technology advancement made in education has made student to access stored information because of these development, it is easy to get by without learning andRead MoreTeacher s Role Of 21st Century : Personal Debate - Module / Week 51385 Words   |  6 Pagesteachers versus those considered to be equipped with 21st century skills are going to be more or less effective. The paper will conclude with a reflection on both perspectives and the author’s personal opinion. 21st Century and Traditional Teachers Education is fertile field for buzzwords, and â€Å"21st Century Educator† is one of the most currently popular. As with any new proposed paradigm shift, the concept has developed into two camps, each with their individual arguments and rationales. It is importantRead MoreStudents Who Are Studying Through E Learning Effectively, They Will Have Preferable Results Level Than Those Who Do1390 Words   |  6 PagesStudents who are studying through E-Learning effectively, they will have preferable results level than those who do not!! Introduction The education system one of the fundamentally indispensable parts of any society also by using the information and communication technology undoubtedly led to appearance and development the E-learning, which helped students to develop their skills and expand educational opportunities for the advancement of their countries in the 21st century (Garrison and AndersonRead MoreTechnology And The Impact Of Information Technology In Education1268 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Today, technology is the need of the day and one of the most discussed subjects of our everyday lives. Face book, Twitter, computers, smart-phones and tablets are some of the words almost everyone recognizes. The traditional education delivery system has been a classroom setting with a professor giving a lecture and students listening and writing notes. Interaction between the professor and student has been viewed as an essential learning element within this arrangement. However, innovations

Wound Care Management The Elderly Modern Medicine And...

Wound Care Management in the Elderly Modern Medicine and the Benefits of Natural Medicines: Community and Residential Aged Care Setting A wound by definition is a breakage in the skin, there are varying causes of this however the most common recurring wounds in the elderly population are pressure areas and skin tears (Wild, Rharbania, Kellner, Sobotka Eberlein, 2010). Due to comorbidities, wound healing is often compromised therefore the healing process can be prolonged which can lead to a chronic wound (Wild et al., 2010). It is therefore vital that proper wound management regimes are implemented to reduce the risk of hospitalization. The current Ministry of Health scheme has put a big emphasis on the primary health care sector in reducing numbers of those hospitalized in order to cut costs (Ministry of Health, 2008). The rest home nurse has the role of overseeing many clients throughout the day. In relation to wound management it is this nurse’s duty to monitor clients wounds in ensuring conditions aren’t worsened to the point of which a district nursing referral is required. The scribes current pla cement is within the community health sector, the role of the district nurse within the healthcare system is primarily for wound care however this position also encompasses things such as continence, new stoma monitoring and catheter cares. A huge component of the district nurses duty involves health education. The student will use peer reviewed literature to source herShow MoreRelatedHISTORICAL CONTEXT OF NURSING5706 Words   |  23 Pagesâ€Å"illness or death curse.† EARLY CIVILIZATION Egypt/Egyptians: Major accomplishments in health care include: 1) The first to use the concept of suture in repairing wounds. 2) The first to use community planning to decrease public health problems. 3) Developed specific laws on cleanliness, food use and preservation, drinking, exercise, sexual relations, and a pharmacopoeia with more than 700 natural remedies Health practices of the Egyptians were usually carried out to accommodate the gods andRead MoreHealthcare Essay18323 Words   |  74 Pagesshaped the nature of the US health care delivery system To evaluate why the system has been resistant to national health insurance reforms To explore developments associated with the corporatization of health care To speculate on whether the era of socialized medicine has dawned in the United States â€Å"Where’s the market?† 81 26501_CH03_FINAL.indd 81 7/27/11 10:31:29 AM 82 CHAPTER 3 The Evolution of Health Services in the United States Introduction The health care delivery system of the UnitedRead MoreIs The Natural Sciences Or Engineering?2933 Words   |  12 PagesMy name is Matthew Xin, and I am currently a member of the Class of 2016 at the Wellington School in Upper Arlington. Although I haven’t yet decided on a college major, I’ve narrowed the options down to something involving the natural sciences or engineering. I also have developed a list of top choices for college, which in its current incarnation is wide-ranging, consisting of schools from Ohio State University to Stanford University. I first decided to research a disease involving the brain becauseRead Morelevel of knowledge on the importance of basic personal hygiene among the Grade 5 pupils of WNU, Academic Year 2013-20147932 Words   |  32 Pageswhy personal hygiene should be practiced every day? One’s behavior towards practicing personal hygiene greatly aids in the prevention of diseases; thus, an optimal component to the well-being of people. More studies have also depicted the health benefits of improved hygiene (Fewtrell et al. 2005) Boot and Cairncross (1993) mentions hand washing and nail cleaning; washing of the face; bathing; hygiene post defecation; and washing of towels, beddings, clothes, etc. before use as part of personalRead MoreCommunity Acquired Pneumonia18251 Words   |  74 Pagespatient recovery from CAP. Positioning the client in bed, auscultating patient’s chest for abnormal breath sounds, administering due medications as ordered by the physician and assisting patient to have enough hydration are some of the nursing care management a nurse can render to this kind of patient. (Mandell, 2007) Immunization against influenza and increasingly resistant pneumococci can play a critical role in preventing pneumonia, particularly in immunocompromised and older adults, which isRead MoreHsm 542 Week 12 Discussion Essay45410 Words   |  182 Pagesprocreation. | C | Given the mandate for advance directives, informed consent, and the legal obligation to report, illustrate the application of these concepts in a specific area or setting, e.g., psychopharmacology, dementia, long-term care, acute care, home-care, etc. | | Click on the links in the Topics section to view the discussion topics. Then, click Respond to add your thoughts to the discussion thread. | Topics Introductions (not graded, but required) | Intentional TortsRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesstyle of writing set the book apart, making it an ingenious read which invites reflexivity, criticalness and plurality of opinion from the audience. This is a book that will become a classic in organization studies. Mihaela L. Kelemen, Professor of Management Studies, Keele University, UK An unusually rich and deep philosophical book on organization theory with several new thinkers and ideas. Pedagogically a well-structured book with many clear learning objectives, cases, examples and good summariesRead MoreBrand Building Blocks96400 Words   |  386 Pagescontext that involves a growing level of complexity. The remaining reasons reflect internal pressures that inhibit brand building. The fifth reason, the temptation to change a sound brand strategy, is particularly insidious because it is the management equivalent of shooting yourself in the foot. The sixth and seventh reasons, the organizational bias against innovation and the pressure to invest elsewhere, are special problems facing strong brands. They can be caused by arrogance but are moreRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesCover Designer: Wanda Espana OB Poll Graphics: Electra Graphics Cover Art: honey comb and a bee working / Shutterstock / LilKar Sr. Media Project Manager, Editorial: Denise Vaughn Media Project Manager, Production: Lisa Rinaldi Full-Service Project Management: Christian Holdener, S4Carlisle Publishing Services Composition: S4Carlisle Publishing Services Printer/Binder: Courier/Kendallville Cover Printer: Courier/Kendalville Text Font: 10.5/12 ITC New Baskerville Std Credits and acknowledgments borrowedRead MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesis an online assessment and preparation solution for courses in Principles of Management, Human Resources, Strategy, and Organizational Behavior that helps you actively study and prepare material for class. Chapter-by-chapter activities, including built-in pretests and posttests, focus on what you need to learn and to review in order to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S.

Zen Soul Spa Business Proposal free essay sample

BUSINESS PROPOSAL ZEN SOUL HEALTH SPA [pic] Executive Summary Zen Soul aims to be the premier health spa in Iran through its first venture in the capital city, Tehran. Through a unique combination of offered services and products, we will quickly gain market share. Zen Soul will provide customers with a relaxing, rejuvenating atmosphere where all of our mind and body needs can be met. The business will be set up as a partnership with Zen Soul Massage Therapy Sdn Bhd (Malaysia) and Akbar Boorboor. Products and Services Zen is devoted and focuses in accelerating health through our wide variety of mind and body healing services and products. The health spa business is devoted to providing holistic methods of physiotherapy that coalesce with massage, body work, as well as muscle work. This is all done in a relaxing, serene setting. Location Zen Soul has chosen Tehran as the city for the business venture. Tehran is the capital and largest city of Iran and also the economic centre of Iran. Tehran has an overall cost of living index which equates it with middle cost of living locations. Tehran is currently ranked 170 overall, most expensive place in the world for expatriates to live, out of 300 international  locations. Additionally, Tehran has one of the most educated populations that loosely correlates to earning potential, or at least indicates a higher average household income. Thus, according to the population earning potential, education level, and its’ household income, Tehran carries high potential for our health spa business. Competitive Edge Zen Souls competitive edge is our unique combination of services, location, and customer-centric focus. Zen Soul has set out since its inception to provide quality, dependable services. Zen Soul has an innovative training program that is extensive in its depth, properly training employees to provide an unprecedented level of customer service. All customers will leave Zen Soul with a feeling that their needs were met well beyond any expectations that they previously had and far better than any competitor. This customer-centric business model is not just rhetoric; there are financial incentives in place for employees to offer unprecedented levels of service. This will ensure a high rate of return customers, allowing Zen Soul to meet our ambitious goal of 90%. Financials Zen Soul has forecasted substantial sales revenues by year two. Also by year two the business will reach profitability and have achieved  a healthy profit before taxes. Zen Soul is an exciting business that provides a combination of sought after services that are have no direct competitor. Zen Soul will provide a relaxing, serene setting for a variety of mind and body health rejuvenation services for the booming Iran population. 1. 1 MISSION AND OBJECTIVES 1. 1. 1 Objectives The objectives for Zen Soul are outlined below: 1. Promotes health for body and mind 2. Substantial sales  revenue by end of second year. 3. Profit before tax by end of second year. 4. Have clientele return rate of  90% by end of first year. 5. Become established health destination by end of  first year. 1. 1. 2 Mission Zen Soul will provide a comforting, yet stimulating, atmosphere in which customers will be able to relax both their body and mind, reconnecting their daily lives to our true purpose through a wide range of holistic methods of physiotherapy that coalesce with massage, body work, as well as muscle work. Zen Soul will establish itself as a dependable destination to which they can always come to escape the stress of life, accelerate their health, and rejuvenate their energies, their souls, and their lives. . 1. 3 Keys to Success 1. Quality and skilled employees familiar with mind, body, energy and muscle work. 2. Establish trust within the community that each customers needs will be taken care of during every visit. 3. Easily accessible location. 4. Effective advertising. Company Summary Zen Soul Health Spa is a new destination offering customers the unique combination of physiotherapy, massage,  body as well as muscle work, all in one beautifully serene setting. Zen Soul will offer all ranges, physiotherapic and therapeutic massage, reflexology, manicure, pedicure, scrub, sauna, and specific complimentary product offerings. The goal and promise of Zen Soul can be summed up in our name and slogan: Zen Soul health Spa – Getaway to Relaxation [pic] 2. 1 Company Ownership Zen Soul, at this time, is a privately held partnership, owned by Zen Soul MASSAGE THERAPY SDN BHD (Malaysia) and Akbar Boorboor. 2. 2 Start-up Summary In the following  table, the start-up cash has been marked for the estimated amount needed to cover operational expenses for the first two months. | |Start-up Funding | |   |   | |Start-up Expenses to Fund |   | |Start-up Assets to Fund |   | |Total Funding Required |   | |   |   | |Assets |   | |Non-cash Assets from Start-up |   | |Cash Requirements from Start-up |   | |Additional Cash Raised |   | |Cash Balance on Starting Date |   | |Total Assets |   | |   |   | |Liabilities and Capit al |   | |Liabilities |   | |Current Borrowing |   | |Long-term Liabilities |   | |Accounts Payable (Outstanding Bills) |   | |Other Current Liabilities (interest-free) |   | |Total Liabilities |   | |   |   | |Capital |   | |Planned Investment |   | |Investor 1 |   | |Investor 2 |   | |Investor 3 |   | |Additional Investment Requirement |   | |Total Planned Investment |   | |Loss at Start-up (Start-up Expenses) |   | |Total Capital |   | |Total Capital and Liabilities |   | |Total Funding |   | |   |   | |Start-up | |   |   | |Requirements |   | |Start-up Expenses |   | |Legal |   | |Stationery etc.    | |Brochures |   | |Construction/Design |   | |Insurance |   | |Rent |   | |Research and Development |   | |Expensed Equipment |   | |Other |   | |Total Start-up Expenses |   | |Start-up Assets |   | |Cash Required |   | |Start-up Inventory |   | |Other Current Assets |   | |Long-term Assets    | |Total Assets |   | |Total Requirements |   | 2. 3 Company Locations and Facilities †¢ Where are the target sites? †¢ The facilities of the p lace (parking/malls/ etc) †¢ The size and psf/ how much? Products and Services Zen Soul will provide customers with health-oriented and relaxational services with complimenting products, as well as training in specific forms of physiotherapy body work, accessible materials on a wide range of health-related topics, and the option to purchase artwork displayed in Zen Soul. Explanations and/or consultations will be provided on all services and products if needed. At  Zen Soul, every customer is unique, with individual needs. Understanding such, our massage techniques are tailored to focus on these individual needs to ensure customers satisfaction. Our techniques are uniquely  Zen Soul’s. Zen Soul  aromatherapy head to toe signature massage combines the mix of traditional Balinese, Malay, Shiatsu and Swedish massage. We then create and blend it into our own unique massage technique. We believe that the technique applied by our therapist for aromatherapy massage in particular, is distinctively  Zen Soul’s  own technique. Aromatherapy essential oil will be applied in all our massage and physiotherapy ranges. In aromatherapy[y treatment, each client is assessed prior to each treatment. During the consultation, a detailed case history will be taken, to find the most suitable oil and treatment methods for the individual. The individualized blend will be used in the massage, using a technique which is most suitable for the individual. Aromatherapy is one the oldest healing art on earth, and is the enhancement of the body, mind and soul using aromatherapy botanical essential oils. True the century’s aromatherapy has been mostly practice by civilization like Rome, Egypt, Greece and Persian. Essential oils enter the body via inhalation and through the skin. They end up in the blood stream via the lungs or absorbing into the deepest layers of the skin through to the muscle. The fragrance molecules associated with essentials oils also affects the brain directly, through the olfactory system in our nose. These essentials oils can be one of the fastest ways to galvanize or bring about physiological or psychological effects such as to relax, to calm, to fresh, to ease emotional imbalances and to regulate imbalance hormone level. Essential oils are used for cosmetics, pest control, as well as deodorant values. 3. 1 Product and Service Description | | |3. 1. Zen Body Massage | |3. 1. 1. 1 Zen Aromatherapy massage | |Zen Soul’s head to toe signature massage combines the mix of traditional Balinese, Malay, shiatsu and Swedish massage. We then create and | |blend it into our own unique. The technique combining short and long kneading strokes plus deep rhythmic strokes and lomi-lomi on the back. | |Aromatherapy oil is used to enhance the skin ability to receive the treatment and soothing signals to the brain. | | |Aromatherapy uses the purest plant essence in the form of organic essential oils, which are extracts from various parts of plants, fruits, | |flowers, bark, roots, or resin. Essential oils contain dozens of powerful complex natural chemicals that have beneficial properties. Due to| |the diversity of essential oils and their individual therapeutic properties, the range of benefits and effects of Aromatherapy is wide | |ranging. | |Our therapists will have a holistic approach to client consultation. This provides the information necessary to select the appropriate | |essential oils for the maximum therapeutic benefit. The selected essential oils are blended with a carrier/base massage oil to create a | |unique mix for each client’s individual needs. This aromatherapy blend is usually applied to the skin with body massage. Other massage | |techniques such as deep tissue work may also be used, depending on the client’s requirement. | | | |BENEFITS EFFECTS | |Aromatherapy treatments have both physiological and psychological effects. The combination of massage and the medicinal and therapeutic | |qualities of the essential oils (molecules both inhaled [aroma] and absorbed through the skin) can soothe, revitalise, uplift the spirit, | |encourage positive thinking and boost the immune system enabling the body to heal itself. |Physiological Benefits   Aromatherapy massage can: | |enhance lymphatic drainage this helps to reduce fluid retention and prevent oedema | |induce a feeling of deep relaxation in the body | |help to restore balance in the body | |stimulate the body’s natural immune system | |increase the oxygen and nutrient supply to the tissues by increasing the blood circulation | |help to increase energy l evels as blockages and congestion in the nerves are eased | |Psychological Benefits   Aromatherapy massage can: | |promote a general state of well-being |calm and soothe the mind | |help to reduce nervous tension | |help to lift the mood and reduce feelings of depression | | | | | |3. 1. 1. 2 Zen Traditional massage | |Zen soul therapist uses elbow and thumb press techniques concentrating on the pressure points throughout the body. A specially signature | |Zen Soul blended balm provides heat that penetrates into the skin and enhances the massage. The combination of pressure and heat sends | |signals to the body and mind allowing the tired body to relax and the mind to feel at ease. |This massage benefits your body by improving the muscle tone, relaxing the body, and by getting rid of various aches and pains. It also | |acts on another level, and makes you feel relaxed and rejuvenated. | |Following are various benefits of traditional massage: | |Improves Blood Circulation:  T he movements of hands of the therapist help improve circulation of blood by dilating the vessels. It means | |improved supply of nutrients to muscles, thereby making the body stronger and healthier. Improved blood circulation also helps lower the | |blood pressure. |Massage Benefits Muscular System: improved supplies of nutrients to muscles help the muscles in recovering from fatigue and stress. It | |helps one get rid of muscular pains and aches. Massage prevents muscles from wasting due to paralysis or injuries. | |Improves Skeletal System:  The massage helps in improving the blood circulation to joints. It releases the tense muscles and tendons. All of| |which improves the range of movements of various joints. | |Benefits Nervous System:  The movements and touch of the expert therapist soothes your nerves, and sends you to deep states of relaxation. | |Your mind gets calm and stress free, and enjoys these sensations of modulated movements with a sense of deep relaxation. |Mas sage for Total Relaxation:  The massage brings down the level of stress hormones, and increases the production of relaxing hormones, like| |Serotonin. Massage makes one feel good. The feeling of rejuvenation gives you more energy. | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |3. 1. 1. Body Massage Trigger Points | |The massages are referred on trigger points technology as shown below: | |[pic][pic] | 3. 1. 2 Foot, neck and shoulder massage This massage concentrates on the three most stressed parts of the body. The pressure points in the feet are massaged to relax and reduce pain while long strokes are applied to the calves to release tension. As for shoulder we use the pressure point technique which relieves tension in the shoulders. Foot reflexology pressure therapy is a safe holistic remedy. Records of this ancient healing art date back as far as ancient Egypt. Foot Reflexology is very old, and was practiced as an ancient form of pressure treatment that uses the application of focused pressure known as â€Å"reflex points that are found in the foot as shown below. The various points correspond to areas on and within the body. [pic] When a person receives a foot reflexology treatment they may benefit from increased circulation as well as relaxation. A session promotes the release of tensions. Although there are many other benefits, (for which empirical proof may not yet exist). But recipients have noted that this ancient tool does promote the clearing of emotional debris. Additionally, therapists have evidence that reflexology helps with the release of toxins from organs, and tired cells and tissues are rejuvenated, the body is more grounded. In general terms, the benefits of reflexology have to do with the reduction of stress. Because the feet help set the tension level for the rest of the body, they are an easy way to interrupt the stress signal and reset homeostasis, the bodys equilibrium. Reflexology is a complement to standard medical care. Learn some of the conditions that can benefit from foot massage and reflexology: ? Foot Ulcers Research suggests that it may work by improving local circulation and that it has the potential to be used to supplement standard surgical and medical treatment of diabetic foot ulcers. ? Cancer  Patients Patients dealing with cancer experience many changes to their bodies and minds. Massage and reflexology have been used as complementary therapies to traditional medical treatments in patients who have cancer. Many research studies have shown benefits such as decreased anxiety, pain intensity, nausea, vomiting and fatigue in patients who have cancer. ? Post-op Pain After surgery, it is not uncommon for patients to have pain. Foot and hand massages were given to post-operative patients and the research study found that pain scores, heart rate and respiratory rate decreased. ? Artery Disease Massage and Reflexology has been shown to increase blood flow. A research study in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (decreased blood flow in their lower legs), showed that reflexology increased the blood flow in the patients lower legs. ? Aging A research study involving middle-aged women showed that self-reflexology decreased depression, perceived stress, systolic blood pressure, and helped strengthen their  immune systems. ? Menopause Many physiological and psychological changes take place during menopause. Both reflexology and foot massage helped to decrease anxiety, depression, hot flashes and night sweats in women during menopause. ? High Blood Pressure A research study looked at the benefits of reflexology on blood pressure, cholesterol and life satisfaction. They found that reflexology helped lower the systolic blood pressure, but not the diastolic number, and that life satisfaction was improved significantly ? Amputations People with leg amputations often suffer from phantom limb pain. A research study looked at reflexology and its possible benefits for people with one leg amputated. The study found that reflexology of the foot and hands helped decrease the intensity and duration of phantom limb pain. 3. 1. 3 Aromatherapy kids massage Aromatherapy massage helps to relax hyper-active kids, enhance their sense of touch and smell as well as the benefits listed below: ? Asthma:  Asthmatic children: demonstrated an enhanced ability (in volume and flow rate) to exhale, compared with children who were not massaged. Atopic dermatitis/Eczema :  Children with this scaly, itchy skin problem seem to experience less redness, scaling, and other symptoms if receiving massage between flares. ? Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD):  Mas sage may improve mood in children with ADHD and help them feel less fidgety and hyperactive. ? Bulimia: Studies have shown that adolescents with this eating disorder feel less depressed and anxious after receiving massage therapy. ? Cystic fibrosis: Massage may reduce anxiety and improve respiration in children with this lung condition. ? Diabetes:  Massage may help regulate blood sugar levels and reduce anxiety and depression in children with diabetes. There was also notable improvement with compliance with insulin and food regulation, compared with children who were not massaged. Average blood glucose levels among the massaged children dropped from 159 on the first day of the study to 118 on the last day. ? Rheumatoid arthritis:  Children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) have been shown to experience less pain, morning stiffness, and anxiety as a result of massage therapy. 3. 1. 4 Therapeutic Head Massage [pic] Head Massage is a therapeutic massage of the shoulders, neck, scalp face, with the use aromatherapy essential oil. Benefits of Head Massage: †¢ Relieves tension and headaches, neck and back pain †¢ Alleviates stress, promotes relaxation and a popular massage often requested for general well-being Stimulates lymphatic drainage, helping to remove toxins and boost the immune system †¢ Restores joint mobility, improving circulation which lifts energy improving concentration †¢ Head Massage reaches all energy centers where tension accumulates. This traditional and effective massage is excellent for relieving stress and also promotes relaxation. With many benefits it is also great for general well being. A gentle highly effective treatment, this relaxing  massage has been practiced in Ancient India and other Asian countries over 5000 years. Many office workers or people who use computers suffer. Having a head massage is similar to having reflexology. This is because all the organs are not only linked to the nerves on your feet but also to the head. Therefore, when you have a head massage you are giving the whole body to relax. All the organs of the body are then able to release harmful toxins to help the body avoid many illnesses. 3. 1. 5 Body scrub aromatherapy Zen soul aromatherapy body scrubs will help your skin to look healthy and radiant. By exfoliating the top layer of dead epidermis cells of your skin, it will be smoother and less wrinkled. The outermost layer of skin, the epidermis, accumulates dead skin cells that need to be removed. Normal bathing does not provide the exfoliation that is  needed for the healthiest skin. Regular exfoliation with a body scrub will   remove the dead outer layer of your skin and reveal a younger, smoother, soft,  healthier layer of skin. The antioxidants in coffee, cocoa, and chocolate scrubs help to prevent the signs of aging skin. Scrub Facts: (1) promote increased blood circulation (2) fight cellulite (esp. scrubs with caffeine or coffee) (3) open and cleanse pores (4) remove dry itch and flakiness (6) nourish and moisturize you skin 3. 1. 6 Ear Candling Ear candling (also known as coning or ear funneling) has been practiced for centuries. Excessive ear wax can also cause discomfort, headaches, tinnitus (ringing in the ear), or vertigo. Ear candling may help alleviate these conditions. [pic][pic] Ear Candling, a safe, simple, non-invasive natural relaxing cleansing method, uses long hollow Ear candles to extract earwax and other debris from the ear canal. The proponents of this method say that Ear Candling improves mental clarity and balances fluids that may cause headaches. The benefits of ear candling include: ? Improved sense of smell ? Relief of â€Å"swimmer’s ear ? Reduced ear pain ? Improved sense of taste ? Balanced emotional state ? Reduced ringing in ears ? Relief of dizziness ? Reduced pain of a tear in the eardrum ? Improved color perception ? Equalized pressure in the ear ? Reduced stress and tension ? Clearer thinking ? Improved lymphatic fluid flow 3. 1. 7 Zen Health Shop Zen health shop would be focusing on selling health products that would provide added value for the customers as well as related compliment spa products such as: ? Spa Slipper ? Gift Set (Spa) ? Aroma Stick ? Hot Balm Strong/Mild ? Aromatherapy essential oil ? Flower Candle ? Hot Oil ? Aromatherapy body oil ? Calming Face Oil ? Purifying Body Oil 3. 1. 8 Artwork Most of the artwork in Zen Soul will be  by local artists, for sale to the customers. Zen Soul will earn a 15% commission on each piece sold. This adds an extra element of community integration to Zen Soul with an added emphasis of the art being from beginning artists, and that the art be spiritual and/or modern in form. 3. 2 Competitive Comparison There are no direct competitors for Zen Soul. There are only domed bathhouse which offers after-shower massage at a price of IR5000 to IR15000 that are available from 6am to 7pm which are mainly providing its’ services to men-only. These services are only concentrating on relaxation which the practitioners are not train in a proper health-conscious manner. Whereas, Zen Soul are focusing on a combination of physiotherapy, Balinese, Swedish and shiatsu massage techniques as well as trigger point technologies to accelerate blood flow and promotes health. Besides providing the services to men, Zen Soul would also focus on large- potential market, the women. Which consist of 23,522,861 between the age of 15-64 years old. Additionally, 14,000,000 populations in Tehran is a very viable opportunity for Zen Soul. 3. 3 Sales Literature ? Services brochure ? Logo and slogan ? Advertising ? Planned website. 3. 4 Fulfillment Zen Soul services sell as a natural and healthier way to rejuvenate ones life. 3. 5 Future Products and Services Zen Soul will continuously add and improve its services. Zen Soul will always  remain involved with the best spa healthy and relaxational techniques, and will implement them if deemed appropriate and feasible for Zen Soul clientele. Strategy and Implementation Summary 1. Emphasize quality, originality, and dependability of service. Although we do not have direct competitors, we will differentiate ourselves from indirect or future competitors by offering a staff of therapist who are not only certified in their professions, but will be trained in understanding the dynamics of individual body systems so as to maximize the connection to their client and more easily meet the needs of the client. 2. We will provide a unique atmosphere. From the name to the ambience of our spa, Zen Soul will distinguish itself as a completely trustworthy and soothing setting where customers can enjoy being pampered and escape the stress of their everyday lives whilst boosting their health. 3. Build a community relationship-oriented business. We will focus on strengthening the trust of our customer base, and providing not only services, but information that will aid everyone in the progression of obtaining a balanced and healthy lifestyle. We will also work with local artists to provide their work to inspire our customers. 4. 1 Value Proposition Our value proposition is that we will bring a unique mode of healthy, relaxation and fulfillment to the community. When people are healthier, relaxed, comfortable, and happy, they have the ability to work harder, concentrate better, feel  physically, emotionally, and mentally balanced, and give that happiness back into their homes, workplaces, and community. Simply put, our value proposition is that we help our community become a better place to live and work. 4. 2 Competitive Edge Our competitive edge is  a combination of our unique services, outstanding location, and our interaction with customers. By providing our customers a holistic and integrative heath spa, we build relationships of trust and satisfaction. Our customers will come to depend on our unique services and fulfilling environment. 4. 3 Marketing Strategy Our marketing strategy is the key to our success: 1. Emphasize  our name and unique services through advertising. 2. Focus on the convenience of our location. 3. Build community relationships through unique and quality service, friendly and caring atmosphere, and establishing absolute dependability of our services. 4. 3. 1 Promotion Strategy Our promotional strategy will be two-fold:  first phase promotion will deal with advertising before, during, and six months following our opening; the second phase advertising will deal with all  long-term advertising. 1. FIRST PHASE PROMOTIONS a. Advertising We will utilize local newspaper, local social and health magazines, local radio, mail-outs to all households within the immediate five mile radius, and  mail-outs to all local business within a five-mile radius. b. Internet We will have a comprehensive website. c. Alliances We will place our brochures within the offices of our medical referral clients. 2. SECOND PHASE PROMOTIONS a. Advertising We will continue to place ads in the local social  and health magazines year around. Mail-outs will be done again within a five-mile radius one year later after opening, then again only every three to five years. Radio ads will be done only when we have sale promotions during the most stressful times of the year for festive seasons. Television ads are not certain, we will evaluate their effectiveness before further implementation. b. Internet We will continue to have a comprehensive website. After the  first six months, and certainly after the first year, we will evaluate the viability of having target clients advertise on our site, and conversely, we will evaluate viability of advertising on our target clientele websites (if applicable). c. Alliances This type of advertising will be implemented once we have grown beyond our break-even point. We will also form advertising alliances with any business with whom we share common business goals. We will also implement mutual perks with our business and restaurant neighbors which will aid in local visibility. Advertising promotions with certain restaurants will also be considered. 4. 3. 2 Marketing Programs Owner will be responsible for marketing Zen Soul through the advertising channels. The manager will be responsible for assisting with the implementation of alliance advertising partnerships. Our advertising budget is IRXX,XXX for the first year. Advertising will begin one week prior to opening. 4. 3. 3 Positioning Statement We will automatically position ourselves as the top spa in the Tehran area. Considering that none of the other competitors will offer the range of services we will, or that their staffs will be trained like ours, and that here are not any spa of our type in our target locations or in the country, we will be able to provide services to a portion of Tehran populace not currently being tapped. 4. 3. 4 Pricing Strategy We will not charge over, nor substanti ally under, standard prices for our services. We will be paying our employees a higher straight percentage of their total individual customer sales. This will allow us to hire the best employees, and have a built-in motivational factor that will keep them working hard and happily. 4. 4 Sales Strategy a) Our umbrella sales strategy is to sell Zen Soul to public consumers as a uniquely desirable destination that will enhance their lives and health. ) We will sell Zen Soul through each therapists skill, courtesy, and warmth, creating a trusting impression on all customers, thusly establishing loyalty and return. We will ensure each visit to Zen Soul is a relaxing and memorable experience, so that  customers can always depend on our brand of service when they arrive. 4. 4. 1 Sales Forecast The important elements of the Sales Forecast are shown in the chart and table below. Initial sales forecasts indicate vigorous first year  sales,  almost doubling by the  end of second year, t hen leveling out somewhat by the  end of third year. These figures are based only on revenue from minimum average estimates from salon stylings and spa massages only, with sales cost reflective of the 60% commission earnings to each stylist/therapist. [pic] [pic] Sales Forecast | | |Year 1 |Year 2 |Year 3 | |Sales | | | | |Salon Styles Only Revenue |$717,500 |$1,400,000 |$1,600,000 | |Spa Massage Only Revenue |$182,500 |$350,000 |$400,000 | |Total Sales |$900,000 |$1,750,000 |$2,000,000 | | | | | | |Direct Cost of Sales |Year 1 |Year 2 |Year 3 | |Salon Styles Only Revenue |$429,300 |$840,000 |$960,000 | |Spa Massage Only Revenue |$109,500 |$210,000 |$240,000 | |Subtotal Direct Cost of Sales |$538,800 |$1,050,000 |$1,200,000 | 4. 4. 2 Sales Programs 1. Our comprehensive brochure will explain  the holistic nature of our services, and how this benefits the customer. . Our website will be comprehensively informative of our services and their benefits. 4. 5 Strategic Alliances We will form alliances with our referral practitioners, local restaurants, offices, and businesses who will be strategically beneficial for generating new customers; we will also form alliances with  local certified massage schools and hair styling schools. 4. 6 Milestones The following table lists important store milestones, with dates, implementation duty, and budgets for each. The milestone schedule emphasizes the timeliness for implementation per the sales and marketing targets listed in detail in the previous topics. [pic] [pic] Milestones | | | | | | | | |Milestone |Start Date |End Date |Budget |Manager |Department | |Business Plan |1/15/2001 |2/1/2001 |$0 |Steve |Owner | |Financial Backing |2/1/2001 |2/5/2001 |$200,000 |Steve |Owner | |Design Contractor Retainer |2/5/2001 |5/1/2001 |$5,000 |Steve |Owner | |Construction Contractor |2/5/2001 |5/1/2001 |$20,000 |Steve |Owner | |Retainer | | | | | | |Lease Agreement |1/17/2001 |2/12/2001 |$20,000 |Steve |Owner | |Logo Design |2/ 12/2001 |3/1/2001 |$1,000 |Steve |Owner | |Business Cards (Initial) |2/19/2001 |3/1/2001 |$300 |Steve |Owner | |Brochures |3/1/2001 |5/1/2001 |$3,000 |Steve |Owner | |Grand Opening |5/1/2001 |6/1/2001 |$0 |Steve |Owner | |Seven Customers Per |8/1/2001 |9/1/2001 |$0 |Steve |Owner | |Stylist/Therapist | | | | | | |Totals | | |$249,300 | | | Management Summary The management philosophy of Zen Soul is based on respect for each of our fellow employees, respect for every customer, and individual responsibility. Zen Souls success is dependent on the warmth and uniqueness of its atmosphere which is generated by a fun-loving and caring employee. The management team will consist of the owner, manager, and assistant manager (if deemed necessary). We will hire only those whom demonstrate  the qualities necessary for working in a nurturing environment, and the willingness to move forward in study of energetic principals if not already so trained. We will be hiring the ultimate people persons. 5. 1 Organizational Structure Our initial team consists of 8 employees, inclusive of a manager and an assistant manager,  both of whom will be responsible for the management activity. 6 therapists would be provided and trained by Zen Soul (Malaysia) SDN. BHD at the initial stage. There will be room for expansion to 12 to 15 therapists as the health spa begins to capture the market’s eyes. The therapist would be train from Malaysia before they are allowed to practice in Iran. Additionally, Zen Soul Malaysia would send their senior therapist 6 months for the first 2 years and annually for the years after for quality control purposes. 5. 4 Personnel Plan The Personnel Plan below reflects our projected need at opening, and carries through the second year expansions (in USD). |Personnel Plan | |   |Year 1 |Year 2 |Year 3 | |Owner, President |$36,000 |$36,000 |$36,000 | |Manager |$26,400 |$30,000 |$30,000 | |Assistant Manager |$13,200 |$15,000 |$15,000 | |100% Commissioned Employees |   |   |   | |Therapist |$10,080 |$10,080 |$10,080 | |Therapist |$10,080 |$10,080 |$10,080 | |Therapist |$10,080 |$10,080 |$10,080 | |Therapist |$10,080 |$10,080 |$10,080 | |Therapist |$10,080 |$10,080 |$10,080 | |Therapist |$10,080 |$10,080 |$10,080 | |Therapist |   |$10,080 |$10,080 | |Therapist | |$10,080 |$10,080 | |Therapist | | |$10,080 | |Therapist |   | |$10,080 | |Total People |8 |10 |12 | |Total Payroll |$136,080 |$161,640 |$181,800 | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 5. 5 Commissions Structure No. |Duration |Commission |Aroma |Traditional |Foot |Kids |Scrub |Ear | |1 |25 mins |6 |   |   |   |   |   |E/45 | |2 |40 mins |10 |   |   |F/40 |   |   |   | |3 |50 mins |12 |   |   |   |   |B/88 |   | |4 |60 mins |14 |A/85 |T/75 |F/50 |K/50 |   |   | |5 |90 mins |21 |A/95 |T/85 |   |K/70 |   |   | |6 |120 mins |28 |A/120 or A/100 |T/110 |   |   |   |   | |

Julius Caesar/War on Terrorism free essay sample

Shakespeare’s play Julius Caesar presents conflicting perspectives of Julius Caesar’s death. Shakespeare employs a variety of dramatic and language techniques to enhance the contrasting views of the assassination. Similarly President Bush’s Address at the 5th Anniversary of 9/11 and the article War is not a solution for Terrorism by Howard Zinn, deals with differing views of US occupation in Iraq. Shakespeare’s tragedy Julius Caesar clearly presents conflicting perspectives of the assassination of Caesar, a powerful and respected leader, viewed by the conspirators as overly ambitious, but by Marc Antony as a loyal servant of Rome. Brutus and the conspirators believe that Caesar’s death is necessary in retaining democracy, whereas Antony regards the act as brutal murder. Shakespeare positions the audience to view the assassination in negative aspect, through Antony’s passionate eulogy, as compared to Brutus’ austere speech. This is understandable, as given Shakespeare’s Elizabethan context, where the removal of a legitimate leader would be viewed as treason. Shakespeare presents the internal conflict that occurs in Brutus when he contemplates the assassination. He tries to rationalise his decisions through the balance of the language, weighing the arguments of the situation. â€Å"Th’ abuse of greatness disjoins remorse from power. And to speak truth of Caesar, I have not known when his affections swayed more than his reasons. † Brutus’ soliloquy is stern as he presents a logical and justified reason for killing Caesar and this becomes his main argument as he presents to the crowd. Brutus’ funeral speech is a short piece of prose, pragmatically justifying his and the conspirators’ actions. The speech is succinct and balanced stating â€Å"But as he [Caesar] was ambitious, I slew him. † Brutus’ lack of emotions reinforces that the assassination was purely for the greater good and not for personal profit. â€Å"There is tears for his love, joy for his fortunes and death for his ambition. † Brutus uses rhetorical questions to attempt to justify his actions and whether Caesar’s lust for power threatens Rome’s democratic society. â€Å"Had you rather Caesar were living to die all slaves, than that Caesar were dead, to live all free men. Nearing the end of his life, Brutus maintains his reasons for killing Caesar, and his nobility that his actions were morally acceptable for his love of Rome and loyalty to the people. Brutus’ funeral speech ends with a succinct statement reinforcing the main thesis that Caesar’s death was for the benefit of Rome and thus morally justified. â€Å"With this I depart. That I slew my best lover for the good of Rome. † However, Shakespeare presents an alternative view of the assassination through Antony’s passionate oration. Antony’s speech uses emotional poetry to expose the malicious motives of the conspirators. â€Å"If you have tears, prepare to shed them now At the base of Pompey’s statue great Caesar fell. Then I and you, and all of us fell down, whilst bloody treason flourished † After Brutus’ speech, the crowd was wholly convinced of his intentions. Shakespeare the uses Antony’s manipulation of the crowd through rhetoric to engage his audience and force an alternate perspective to Caesar’s death. â€Å"He [Caesar] brought many captives home whose ransoms did the general coffers fill. Did this in Caesar seem ambitious? Antony also reminisces about Caesar’s compassion through personal and emotional language, portraying the loving side of Caesar in contrast to the power hungry leader previously presented by Brutus. â€Å"When the poor hath cried, Caesar hath wept. Ambition should be made of sterner stuff. Yet Brutus says he was ambitious. † Antony’s speech owes much of its influence to repetition. Each time Antony recalls Brutus’ claims that Caesar was â€Å"ambitious†, the claim loses credibility. Similarly, each time Antony declares how â€Å"honourable† Brutus and the conspirators are, there is an underpinning sarcasm mocking them. Shakespeare uses Caesar’s body as a powerful tool to eventually sway public opinion against Brutus. Antony descends from the pulpit carrying Caesar’s corpse and vividly describing the wounds. â€Å"Thou bleeding piece of earth wounds which like dumb mouths do ope their ruby lips. † Thus he strikes the final blow to the Brutus and the conspirators, and creates mutiny. Likewise, but on a different event, US President George W Bush and US political activist Howard Zinn also presents conflicting perspectives of US occupation in Iraq and the morality of the ‘war on terrorism’. Following the events of September 11 2001, the US army and other allied nations waged a war against Iraq and their leader Saddam Hussein, claiming he possessed weapons- of- mass- destruction and harbouring the terrorist group responsible for the attack. The occupation of US and allied troops in Iraq is controversial as its legitimacy and morality are questioned. In his â€Å"Address at the 5th Anniversary of 9/11†, President Bush justified US occupation in Iraq. Like Antony, Bush uses highly emotive and descriptive language to address his audience to show the destruction and consequences resulted from 9/11. On 9/11, our nation saw the face of evil Nineteen men attacked us with barbarity They murdered people of all colours and nationalities –and made war upon the entire free world. † He reminded the audience of the trauma of the event and uses the simple idea of defending America and protecting the world against the ‘face of evil†. Similarly to Antonyâ €™s oration, Bush uses repetition of ‘courage’ to great effect to praise the heroic actions of the American people and thus encourages them to continue support of the occupation of US troops. Furthermore, Bush attacks the terrorist’s actions through powerful emotions stating â€Å"they [the terrorists] are driven by a perverted ideology that hates freedom, rejects tolerance and despises all dissent. † This allows him to portray the evil soulless nature of the terrorist and justifies his legitimate response to occupy Iraq. etBush’s speech is also very personal using inclusive language to demonstrate that it requires a united force to defeat the terrorists and manifests that his decision to invade Iraq is for the greater good. â€Å"We are now in struggle between tyranny and freedom. We are fighting to maintain a way of life and we will never back down † President Bush presents a valid perspective on the issue of US occupation in Iraq, stipulating that the occupation is legitimately acceptable in bringing democracy to Iraq, justice to the terrorists and securing safety for the world. However, political activist Howard Zinn believes that war o n terrorism is unnecessary and â€Å"morally reprehensible†. In his article â€Å"War is not a solution for terrorism† presents a more realistic blunt perspective on the war. Like Brutus, Zinn employs succinct and emotionless language to deal with the reality of war and the sufferings that encompasses it. Unlike Bush, who concentrates on the emotions of attack and the devastation of the American people, Zinn focuses on the destruction inflicted on the innocent Iraqi civilians. â€Å"The United States bombardment has been an utter failure in its claimed objective of bringing democracy and stability to Iraq. † Zinn clearly confesses that the war has been unsuccessful, something Bush does not acknowledge. Zinn attacks the morality of Bush’s decisions by comparing to John Hershey’s male character in ‘The War Lover’ who â€Å"loves to drop bombs on people, boasts about his sexual conquests and is impotent. † This harsh judgement suggests that the US occupation is based on one man’s selfless and unreasonable decision, and thus the unjustified attempt to invade Iraq. The oxymoron â€Å"the killing of innocent people in Iraq is called accidental, whereas the deaths caused by terrorists are deliberate† shows the contradictory nature of US’s objectives.